What are Python decorators and how do they contribute to code modularity and reusability? Provide an example to illustrate their usage.

 Q12: What are Python decorators and how do they contribute to code modularity and reusability? Provide an example to illustrate their usage.

A12:

• Python Decorators:

  • Decorators in Python are functions that are used to modify or extend the behavior of other functions or methods. They provide a way to wrap a function with additional functionality, enhancing code modularity and reusability.

• Code Modularity and Reusability:

  • Decorators allow developers to separate concerns and apply reusable behavior to multiple functions without modifying their code directly. This promotes cleaner code, as common functionality can be abstracted into decorators.

  python
  # Example of a simple decorator
  
  def my_decorator(func):
        def wrapper():
            print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
            func()
            print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
        return wrapper
  @my_decorator
  
  def say_hello():
      
      print("Hello!")
  # Calling the decorated function
  
  say_hello()
  

  In this example, the my_decorator function is a decorator that adds behavior before and after the say_hello function is called. The @my_decorator syntax is a convenient way to apply the decorator to the say_hello function.